Caves and how to
Weapons can mostly come in five variations, armour also does this. The variations are leather, iron, gold, diamond, and netherite. The expections to this are; bow and arrow, crossbow, and fishing rod.
These are most of the tools you can get. They are a sword, shovel, pickaxe, axe, hoe, helmet, chestplate, leggings, and boots, all in netherite. Other then things with enchantments, these are the best equipment you can get.
The most commonly used ores in this game are coal and iron, since coal needs to be used to do anything, since it is a fuel, and iron since it is the base of most crafts. Diamonds are the rarest to find in caves, but the most useful. You won't be able to find netherite in a cave since it is in the nether. Redstone is used to make contraptions move, and have items able to work in minecraft. And gold is used to keep piglins away from you. To get each of these ores you need to go mining, you used to be able to have a certain level to go to. Now there are more updates, which means you need to just travel through caves to try to find the ores.
In caves, its important to always have a water bucket, a sword or an axe (depending on your weapon of choice), and torches. This is because when going through caves you never know what is going to be there, so you have to have torches to see where you are, and what ores are there. You need water buckets because often there will be large drops that you can do with water buckets, or if you accidentally drop into lava you can put yourself out. You need a weapon because since they are massive dark caves, many dangerous animals spawn there, so you need something to fight them off.